The German offensive to capture Stalingrad began in August 1942, using the 6th Army and elements of the 4th Panzer Army. 30 seconds. • Invasion of Denmark/Norway The Battle of Stalingrad was a warlike confrontation between Soviet and German troops for control of Stalingrad , present-day Volgograd, in what is now Russia. Gen. Gustav von Wietersheim's XIV Panzerkorps penetrates the Stalingrad suburbs, and that night they reach the western bank of the Volga River. In fact, most of the buildings in Stalingrad were made of steel reinforced concrete. In 1959 construction began of an enormous memorial complex, dedicated to "the Heroes of the Stalingrad Battle," on Mamayev Hill, a key high ground in the battle that dominates the city's landscape today.The memorial was finished in 1967; its focal point is The Motherland Calls . • Asia and the Pacific In the summer of 1937, the "Pearl . • Hiroshima and Nagasaki • Siege of Leningrad On December 18, there had been approximately 249,000 officers and men inside the Stalingrad pocket. • United Kingdom How did the battle of Stalingrad end? • New Zealand More than four million combatants fought between the Nazi and Soviet armies in the colossal battle at Stalingrad. • China The attack was supported by bombings that destroyed much of the city. The Allies True or False: Despite such a large battle going on, the city and buildings of Stalingrad took very little damage. The battle lasted until the 2nd of February 1943, when Soviet forces retook what was left of the city. Stalingrad was a major prize and strategic city in the plan to break the Soviets in the south and the Battle of Stalingrad began in August 1942 with a German invasion of the northern part of the . German forces attacked the city of Stalingrad (now called Volgograd, located in southern Russia) on August 23, 1942. • Battle of Britain, 1941 It was also important in terms of morale and propaganda, both to the Germans and the Soviets. • Invasion of Italy, 1944 • Invasion of the Soviet Union In autumn, Soviet general Georgy Zhukov began concentrating massive forces at the Germans’ northern and southern flanks, which were overstretched and poorly defended. • Strategic bombings A three day tank battle, commencing on December 14, took place south of Stalingrad. Including Soviet casualties and people taken prisoner, over 1.8 to 2 million lives were lost in the battle, making it one of the bloodiest in history. The Battle of Stalingrad was a brutal military campaign between Russian forces and those of Nazi Germany and the Axis powers during World War II. Numbers of casualties are difficult to compile due to the vast scope of the battle and the fact that the Soviet government did not allow estimates to be made, for fear the cost would be shown to be too high. The assault on the city (Part of Operation Blau) called for Army Group South, which included the 6th and 17th Armies and the 4th and 1st Panzer Armies, to move swiftly through the southern steppes, seizing any valuable assets along the way. • Comparative military ranks of World War II, Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg. Soviet troops enter the Romanian territory of Bessarabia as a prelude to annexation of the region. While every effort has been made to follow citation style rules, there may be some discrepancies. Stalingrad is one of the most important battles of World War II. 5. Stalingrad offensive begins. August 23, 1942 - Panzer column reaches Volga River just north of Stalingrad. Initial defense of the city fell to the women of 1077th Anti-Aircraft Regiment, who fought the advancing panzers shot-for-shot with their AA batteries until they were overrun. Hitler to General Paulus, January 24, 1943. On July 27, Stalin had given Order No. • Battle of Leyte Gulf, 1945 The last German troops in the Soviet city of Stalingrad surrender to the Red Army, ending one of the pivotal battles of World War II. • Second Battle of El Alamein, 1943 He rejected the Versailles Treaty and war reparations of Germany. Why Doesn’t the U.S. Use the Metric System? Soviet forces counter-attacked in December at the Battle of Moscow, stopping . The German 24th Panzer Division moving towards Stalingrad. The Romanian forces collapsed almost immediately. To this end, German General Friedrich von Paulus, leading the Sixth Army and elements of the Fourth Panzer Army, was ordered to take the city. Resul. • Technology, Civilian impact and atrocities • Belgium The close quarter combats took place on streets and buildings. Copyright © 2003-2021. • Dutch famine of 1944 By the end of October, the Germans controlled most of Stalingrad, and Soviet resistance was limited to a few small patches along the western bank of the Volga, as well as a particularly stubborn spot of Soviet resistance called Lyudnikov's Island. This Battle was one of the bloodiest battles in history, with nearly 2 million deaths of troops and civilians. • Nanking Massacre November 19 marks 79 years since the start of . by Michael Peck. Thus the Battle of Stalingrad came to an end. The Hungarian and Romanian Axis armies protecting the German flank were overrun by Soviet forces. Long and Short Term Affects. In the summer of 1942, Hitler launched a major offensive . The Soviet Union inflicted a catastrophic defeat on the German Army in and around this strategically important city on the Volga river, which bore the name of the Soviet dictator, Josef Stalin. Some of them were sent into battle without rifles, which made them little more than cannon fodder. The Battle of Stalingrad started on 23 rd August, 1942. On November 20, the next day, another soviet force crushed the southern flank and the two forces raced westward to encircle the remaining Germans in the city center. 14. 113,000 German and Romanian survivors were taken prisoner, many of them injured or exhausted. A massive aerial bombardment on August 23rd caused a firestorm, which killed thousands and destroyed 80% of the city’s living space. Amongst the ruins of the city, the Russians anchored their defenses in houses and factories. • Greece On November 20, a second Soviet offensive was launched to the south of Stalingrad, against points held by the Romanian IV Corps. November 19 marks 79 years since the start of . This swift and brutal blitzkrieg smashed the Russian defenders, who were caught completely by surprise. The German offensive to capture Stalingrad began in August 1942, using the 6th Army and elements of the 4th Panzer Army. Despite being poorly trained, they fought fiercely, and it was only when most of their posts were overrun that the surprised Germans discovered that they had been fighting women. Adding those who were wounded or taken prisoner to that number brings the casualty total closer to two million, and it is estimated that the average life expectancy of a Soviet soldier at the height of the battle was a mere twenty-four hours. The German offensive, known as Operation Winter Storm, began on December 12, 1942. The Battle of Stalingrad was significant because:It was Nazi Germany's 1st Major defeat in World War 2.Almost of the German 6th Army was totally wiped out (300,000 Men) After being encircled at . The civilians were put to work building defensive fortifications. This month, more than three-quarters of a century ago, the deadliest battle of World War II was being fought. ww2dbase. Over 91,000 men were captured and a further 150,000 had died during the siege. The battle began with aerial bombardment by the Luftwaffe, which turned the city into a series of broken ruins. As the city bore Soviet leader Joseph Stalin's name, taking control of it would provide a massive morale boost for the German troops while simultaneously crushing the spirit of the Soviets. • Hungary Over 1.8 million became casualties. Much of the city's defense up to this point was conducted by the 1077th Anti-Aircraft Regiment. The Battle of Stalingrad is one of the largest and bloodiest battles in the history of warfare, and was a turning point in the Great Patriotic War. • Casualties More than four million combatants fought in the gargantuan struggle at Stalingrad between the Nazi and Soviet armies. The German position in Stalingrad is all but lost. By the middle of November, German forces controlled over 90% of the city. These forces are typically relegated to defensive duties, as all three armies are sorely lacking in both armor and anti-armor capabilities. By the time Luftlofte 4 completed its bombing mission, most of the city had been reduced to rubble. • Vichy France The Battle of Stalingrad reversed the tide of the war for Germany and resulted in a catastrophic mistake. Less than two weeks before World War II begins, Germany and the Soviet Union conclude the Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact, dividing eastern Europe into German and Soviet spheres of influence. The first reason is that the Battle of Stalingrad marked the end of Germany's advances into eastern Europe and Russia. September 13, 1942 - German ground offensive starts in the city. • Poland • Slovakia • Attacks on North America The Battle of Stalingrad was fought during the Second World War between Nazi Germany and the Soviet Union.They were fighting for control of the city of Stalingrad.The battle was fought between 23 August 1942 and 2 February 1943. Germans at the gates of Stalingrad, 1942-1943. Although Hitler had long contemplated war with Stalin, the proximity of the Red Army to such a vital resource causes Germany to accelerate its plans for an attack on the Soviet Union. • Resistance The battle for the city of Stalingrad proved a decisive psychological turning point, ending a string of German victories in the summer of 1942 and beginning the long retreat westward. Tweets by @mikenov Michael Novakhov@mikenov #JOSSICA #StalingradBattle #Stalingrad #Battle #WW2 #BIOLOGICALWAR#Beria=#GeneralRAT (?) A volunteer force composed mainly of young women, they took on the advancing German tanks of the 16th Panzer Division with their anti-aircraft guns. • Production Other aspects of the city's defense involved untrained civilians pressed into hastily-formed militias. Total casualties on both sides for the Stalingrad campaign approached 2 million. World War II saw some of the bloodiest battles ever fought. It was one of the most important battles of the war because it marked the end of Germany's advances. It was the key battle that lead to decline of Germany on the European front. It was to be a major turning point in the Second World War, with any Axis hopes of ultimate victory being effectively squashed after Stalingrad. Soviet reinforcements arrived from across the Volga, but they could do little to stem the seemingly unstoppable tide of the German advance. It is known that Nazi German forces launched a surprise attack on the USSR on June 22, 1941. Finally, on February 2, 1943, the remaining German troops surrendered. The Germans were under similar orders from Hitler, so they knew that they had to take the city at all costs. The Battle of Stalingrad, between Nazi Germany and its allies against the Soviet Union, began on July 17th, 1942 and came to an end in February 2nd, 1943. In the end, China abandoned Shanghai—and lost its best divisions in a bloddy battle. In 1943, in Kursk, Hitler ordered a large-scale offensive. Gen. Gustav von Wietersheim's XIV Panzerkorps penetrates the Stalingrad suburbs, and that night they reach the western bank of the Volga River. Bearing the name of Russia's leader, Stalingrad had a symbolic significance as well as a strategic one. On June 22, 1941, Hitler’s Ndasazi Germany launched Operation Barbarossa. The Battle of Stalingrad began on July 17,1942 and was not over until the following year February 2, 1943.1 This battle that would later be known as one of the bloodiest battles in history was fought between the Germans led by General Friedrich Paulus2 (ibid), and the Russians led by Marshal Vasili Chuikov.2 Hitler's goal after retrieving . • German war crimes • Hiroshima and Nagasaki •. By then, 60,000 German soldiers had died in the Stalingrad since the Soviet counteroffensive began. Battle of Stalingrad ends. Hitler issues Führer Directive No. 227, decreeing that the defenders at Stalingrad would take “Not One Step Back.” He refuses to evacuate any civilians, stating that the army would fight harder knowing that they were defending residents of the city. Live. The last German troops in the Soviet city of Stalingrad surrender to the Red Army, ending one of the pivotal battles of World War II. The Battle of Stalingrad was not only one of the largest battles of the Second World War, but it was also one of the biggest and bloodiest battles in human history. • Netherlands • Romania February 2, 1943. Thus the Battle of Stalingrad ended on a sullen, anticlimactic note, Sunday, January 31, 1943, ten years and one day after Hitler had come to power in Germany. By October, most of the city was in German hands. More Soviet soldiers died in the five-month battle than Americans in the entire war. The battle started months later after Operation Barbarossa was started on 22 nd June, 1941. Tweets by @mikenov Michael Novakhov@mikenov #JOSSICA #StalingradBattle #Stalingrad #Battle #WW2 #BIOLOGICALWAR#Beria=#GeneralRAT (?) Battlefield Chronicles: Wolseley and Rorke's Drift, Military Myths & Legends: Joachim Ronneberg, The Man Who Crippled Nazi Atomic Bomb Project, Tet Offensive Revisited: The Media's Big Lie. Results of Stalingrad. Only 6,000 of these prisoners would survive to return home after the war, as they were sent to labor camps, where most died of malnutrition, disease, and overwork. Soviet commanders were under strict orders to execute any deserters and to die rather than retreat. To the south lay oil-rich and agricultural areas and the Volga River, a backbone of Russian transportation and a vital supply link to Caspian Sea. As winter set in, the Volga froze solid, allowing the Russians to re-supply their forces more effectively. • Italy The battle lasted until the 2nd of February 1943, when Soviet forces retook what was left of the city. In terms of location, the city sat on the flank of the route toward the oil fields in the Caucasus region, while it was also . This month, three quarters of a century ago, the most famous battle of the Second World War began. • Holocaust • Battle of Stalingrad • Allied war crimes The second reason is that this battle was the first major German loss during World War II. There are a total of (50) Battle of Stalingrad - WW2 Timeline (August 1942 - February 2nd, 1943) events in the Second World War timeline database. The Russians attacked the sectors of the German flanks held by the 3rd and 4th Romanian armies. In the spring of 1942, the German offensive against the Soviet Union was nearly a year old. They did what they could against the Germans but were not particularly effective. The sources open up a new perspective on the events . The Soviet Union inflicted a catastrophic defeat on the German Army in and around this strategically important city on the Volga river, which bore the name of the Soviet dictator, Josef Stalin. They managed to put enough of a dent in the Germans' momentum to ship cattle, railway cars, and grain out of Stalingrad and across the Volga River. 9. In the combat among the ruins, snipers played an important and deadly role for both sides, with snipers such as Vasily Zaytsev killing 225 German soldiers in the city. Germany invades Poland; 16 days later, the Soviet Union invades Poland. The Battle of Stalingrad Date Aug 23, 1942 - Feb 2, 1943 Location Stalingrad, Russian SFSR, Soviet Union Outcome Decisive Soviet victory Destruction of the German 6th Army Axis forces began to decline in Eastern Front Turning point of World War II in Europe Contenders Germany Romania Italy Hungary Croatia Soviet Union Military Leaders Adolf Hitler promotes Paulus to field marshal, reminding him that no German commander of that rank has ever surrendered. The initial advances by the Germans went well, as they quickly overran the resistance, and by the end of July, the Germans began establishing defensive lines mere kilometers from the city. The Battle of Stalingrad (August 23, 1942 - February 2, 1943) was a major battle on the Eastern Front of World War II in which Nazi Germany and its allies fought the Soviet Union for control of the city of Stalingrad (now Volgograd) in Southern Russia, on the eastern boundary of Europe. In terms of this goal, the Soviets were at least partially successful. The Battle of Stalingrad is remembered both as a major turning point in World War II, and as the bloodiest battle in all of human history. The General RAT won the Stalingrad Battle - the first in history act of the BIOLOGICAL WAR - see Alibek - Google Search https://shar.es/aWwSlR 38m Michael Novakhov@mikenov #JOSSICA #CIA #DIA #ODNI #BioWarfare The #GeneralRAT won the #StalingradBattle - the . Please refer to the appropriate style manual or other sources if you have any questions. The battle is well-known for several reasons and one of them being, the street-level fights. It changed the course of WWII and . • Battle of France Russian soldiers set up defenses in the city, and additional troops were stationed on the eastern shore of the Volga. Entries are listed below by date-of-occurrence ascending (first-to-last). Stalingrad was one of the most decisive battles on the Eastern Front in the Second World War. For a previous generation, the Battle of Stalingrad, which began in the summer of 1942 and ended in January 1943, had a similar importance. Gen. Georgy Zhukov launches Operation Uranus, a massive Soviet counteroffensive. So the idea that cinder block . Seventy years after the battle of Stalingrad, a historian has published long-forgotten eye-witness accounts by Red Army soldiers and civilians. The battle began roughly in July 1942, and roughly ended in February 1943. The battle of Stalingrad was one of the largest battles in human history. 27th May 2021. The Germans managed to stabilize the situation after Stalingrad and had even managed to inflict a heavy defeat on the Soviets at Kharkov. Soviet forces counter-attacked in December at the Battle of Moscow, stopping the exhausted German forces in their drive toward the capital. • Japanese war crimes, Aftermath The remaining 91,000 men of the Sixth Army and Fourth Panzer Army surrender; only about five percent survive captivity. Leader of the Nazi party and won election to be chancellor of Germany in 1933. WW2 Russia. • WWII in contemporary culture Soviet forces raced west in a pincer movement, and met two days later near the town of Kalach, sealing the ring around Stalingrad. The battle of Stalingrad occurred because Hitler wanted to protect his own country, cut off Russia's center of communication to the other world powers and cut off the oil supply to Russia. How Russia Won the Battle of Stalingrad. The under-equipped Romanian troops defending the lines north and south of the city can do little but delay the Red Army’s advance, and the Germans are unable to effectively deploy any kind of mobile reserve to prevent an encirclement. The Battle of Kursk. • Battle of Berlin Within a month, Soviet forces under Gen. Vasily Chuikov are backed into a 9-by-3 mile strip along the Volga, and combat has devolved into some of the most brutal street fighting the . Italy launches an ill-fated invasion of Greece. The Germans stabilized their front by the spring of the following year, and began planning new offensives at weaker points in the Soviet lines to the north and south. During that time, 2.2 million people participated in the battle, around 700,000 of whom did not make it out of Stalingrad alive. He did this when the Russians clearly knew that Hitler was going to launch an attack. The battle started in August 1942, when the German forces began their attack with the 6th Army and parts of the 4th Panzer Army. The city of Stalingrad was strategically important in terms of the Germans' aims since it is on the Volga River, which was a key supply route for the Soviet interior. In 1945 Stalingrad was officially proclaimed a Hero City of the Soviet Union for its defense of the motherland. 41, summarizing the goals of Fall Blau (“Operation Blue”), the 1942 German summer offensive on the Eastern Front. • Australia Three German army groupș—consisting of some 3 million men, 3,000 tanks, 7,000 artillery pieces, and 2,500 aircraft—participate in the invasion of the Soviet Union. The attack was supported by intense Luftwaffe bombing that reduced much of the city to rubble. Nonetheless, beleaguered as they were, many German troops within the city put up fierce resistance to the Soviet counter-attack, and it took the Soviets a further two months to recapture the city. The operation is a textbook execution of the kind of Kesselschlacht (“cauldron battle”) that the Germans had carried out throughout the war thus far. Despite many incidents like this, the Soviets refused to surrender, fighting hard to retake every building lost to the Germans, with some ruined buildings changing hands dozens of times over a 24-hour period. This swift and brutal blitzkrieg smashed the Russian defenders, who were caught completely by surprise. The Battle. Feb. 2 marks 75 years since the end of the bloodiest battle in the history of mankind. About 45,000 died during the march to the prisoner of war camps and only about 7,000 survived the war. • Egypt 2. During that time, 2.2 million people participated in the battle, around 700,000 of whom did not make it out of Stalingrad alive. • Military awards of World War II • Guadalcanal campaign Q. Other leading and trailing events may also be included for perspective. • Bulgaria • End in Europe Only five thousand would survive the ordeal and return . The Battle of Stalingrad was a battle of World War II between Nazi Germany and its allies and the Soviet Union for control of the city of Stalingrad in southwestern Russia. He started his assault on the city on August 23, 1942. Stalin, meanwhile, ordered that the city be defended at all costs, and he was prepared to sacrifice as many troops as it took to hold the city. At the time this division launched its offensive, it was the most powerful single air formation on earth. Gen. Gustav von Wietersheim's XIV Panzerkorps penetrates the Stalingrad suburbs, and that night they reach the western bank of the Volga River. • Effects Battle of the Bulge; Part of the Western Front of World War II: American soldiers of the 117th Infantry Regiment, Tennessee National Guard, part of the 30th Infantry Division, move past a destroyed American M5A1 "Stuart" tank on their march to recapture the town of St. Vith during the Battle of the Bulge, January 1945. Out of an original force of 285,000 soldiers comprising Sixth Army, 165,000 had died in Stalingrad, while some 29,000 wounded had been air lifted out. The Sixth Army under Gen. Friedrich Paulus would lead the assault on Stalingrad; Hitler sets a deadline of August 25 for the capture of the city. The XI Army Corps had begun the battle for Stalingrad with 80,000 troops. Contributor: C. Peter Chen. • Norway The Battle for Stalingrad was fought during the winter of 1942 to 1943. On June 22, 1941, despite the terms of the Nazi-Soviet Pact of 1939, Nazi Germany launched a massive invasion against the USSR. In order to minimize the effectiveness of the German artillery and air bombing, Soviet commanders kept the front lines as close together as physically possible. Not much longer after this, almost every one of the 10,000 members of the 13th was dead. Background. answer choices. If Hitler's army was to advance before the winter the Russian army would have . Hitler had ordered that when the city was taken, all male Soviet citizens were to be executed, while all the Soviet women and children were to be deported. If any Soviet commander gave an order to retreat, he knew he would face a fate worse than death if he survived. The casualties and losses were about 728,000 men for Germany and 1,129,619 men for Soviet Union. August, 1942. By November, through a bloody advance, the Germans had pushed the Soviets to the banks of the Volga. The Soviets relied heavily on “Worker’s Militias” composed of factory workers not directly involved with production, and for a short time, tanks were still being produced in the factories of the city. While well-equipped German troops constitute the majority of Axis forces on the Eastern Front, the Italian, Romanian, and Hungarian contingents number in the hundreds of thousands. 17 Jul 1942 - 2 Feb 1943. • India More than four million combatants fought in the gargantuan struggle at Stalingrad between the Nazi and Soviet armies. • Soviet Union Only five thousand would survive the ordeal and return . • Comfort women • Cold War, • Category:World War II The 13th Guards Rifle Division, for example, sent in to bolster Soviet defenses in mid-September, suffered a 30% casualty rate in their first 24 hours in the city. Both sides poured reinforcements into the city, with nearly 2.2 million people taking part in total. • Free France The tanks were driven off the assembly line straight into battle. Hitler did not give orders for the German troops to leave Stalingrad, so they remained there. • Conferences August 23, 1942. • Battle of Okinawa The battle is infamous as one of the largest . It raged for 199 days, and the amount of destruction and bloodshed suffered during the battle cannot be measured. Surrender is forbidden. 22nd September 2020. All in all, the battle and the subsequent imprisonment cost 295,000 German lives (190,000 on the battlefield, 105,000 in captivity). Thus the Battle of Stalingrad came to an end. German forces attacked the city of Stalingrad (now called Volgograd, located in southern Russia) on August 23, 1942. Italian reverses on the battlefield force Germany to intervene, delaying the timetable for the invasion of the Soviet Union by a critical five weeks. Hitler's deliberate mistakes in USSR 1941-2. jeudi 12 septembre 2013 Hitler's mistakes were made on purpose. • Germany Battle of Stalingrad Timeline. It began on August 23, 1942 and ended on February 2, 1943 , after the Germans surrendered to the armies of the Soviet Union . The entire German 6th army was annihilated at Stalingrad during the winter of 1943-1943. • Home Front • Battle of Moscow 227, which clearly stated the defenders’ intent: “Not one step back!”. Called “Hugging the Germans” by Chuikov, this simple tactic forced German soldiers to fight on their own, and led to bitter, brutal fighting in every, literally, corner of the city. Field Marshal Erich von Manstein, arguably Germany’s most gifted field commander, launches Operation Winter Storm, an attempt to breach the encirclement from the southwest. The battle for Stalingrad began in late August 1942, and by 12 September, German troops of the Sixth and Fourth Panzer Armies had reached the city's suburbs. The German prisoners were forced marched to Siberia. Paulus reportedly tells his generals, “I have no intention of shooting myself for this Bohemian corporal.” He surrenders the following day. In the summer of 1942, Hitler launched a major offensive . Any attempts at counter-attacks by the Soviet armies on the ground were swiftly quashed by German airplanes. Shanghai 1937: This Is China's Forgotten Stalingrad. • Croatia Germany proved unable to defeat the Soviet Union, which together with Great Britain and the United States, seized the initiative from Germany. The battle of Stalingrad began on the 23rd of August and lasted throughout the winter of 1942/43, where the Soviet Union launched a series of counteroffensive strikes that led to the removal of German forces from Moscow. The carnage in the battle, which raged from August 1942 to February 1943, was massive, with estimates of as many as two million dead, including tens of thousands of Russian civilians. Ice floes on the river prevented any Russian reinforcements, but fighting in the isolated pockets of the city continued as fiercely as ever. Instead of assaulting the battle-hardened Sixth Army and Fourth Panzer Army in Stalingrad itself, the Soviets strike at the flanks of the overextended Axis line. Out of the 285,000-strong 6th Army, 165,000 were killed in the Stalingrad fighting, while some 29,000 wounded were evacuated by the Luftwaffe. • Philippines • Attack on Pearl Harbor, 1942 • Total war • Yugoslavia The Russian counter attack began on November 19, 1942, three months after the battle of Stalingrad began. As the Germans advanced towards Stalingrad in the Summer of 1942, the war came to the locals of the city and evacuation was slow to the speed of the Wehrmach. On November 19, 1942, the counterattack, codenamed Operation Uranus, was unleashed. Battle of Stalingrad. Stalingrad was one of the most decisive battles on the Eastern Front in the Second World War. Over 1.8 million lost their lives. A line should have been formed by the Germans from Rostov to Grozny while the 4th panzerarmee cleans up the southern oil fields. On November 19, 1942, the Soviets launched Operation Uranus, a massive counter-attack that aimed to retake Stalingrad. • Topics In June 1941 Hitler ordered a surprise invasion of the Soviet Union, and for most of the next year the German army routed the Soviet troops, capturing thousands of square kilometers of their country in the process.
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when did the battle of stalingrad start